Ammolite
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammolite
A fossilised ammonia with rainbow colors depending in the angle it is held. Animated in TMS. It may be considered a crystal by the mod, I forgot.
Andesite
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andesite
A volcanic rock of sorts, Andesite can be many colors. I settled on a darker gray because it made sense.
Basalt
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basalt https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basalt#Columnar_basalt
One of the few stones with an extra variant. Columnar Basalt is the common basalt pillar you see in places like Iceland. Normal Basalt also has another subvariants: Basalt tiles, which are like bricks, but split an additional time to make square tiles for flooring, etc.
Carnotite
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnotite
Technically a crystal in real life, but handled as a normal stone by TMS. It has a vibrant yellow color.
Covellite
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covellite
An interesting one indeed. I don't know much about it besides it has a metallic sheen and a dark blue color.
Diorite
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diorite
A similar stone to Granite, but with different proportions of the same minerals. It is almost universally white, but can be darker.
Gabbro
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabbro
I believe it is related to Diorite and Granite, though I am not sure. It is among my favorite textures to have drawn.
Galena
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galena
One of the more common lead ores, it has a beautiful gray metallic sheen.
Granite
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granite
One of the most common stones on the planet, and it can be found in several colors. TMS takes a little bit of liberty by including some fairly rare Granite colors, but I am pretty sure all of the colors are real. The most common granite where I live is pink, but it may be different elsewhere. TMS has Black, Blue, Gray, Green, Pink, Red, White, and Yellow variants.
Howlite
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howlite
A beautiful white stone often dyed and sold as Turquoise. TMS allows you to dye Howlite to make Turquoise if you are feeling scammy.
Ilvaite
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilvaite
A black stone. I really don't know much about it. I only picked it because I made the texture first, and wanted a stone that matched what I had. I have since switched to finding the stone first, then texturing it. It was one of the first ten I made if I recall.
Jade
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jade
Initially Greenstone in TMS. This was the first stone I textured. Jade is a beautiful green.